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HSelf-defence is one of the general exceptions in Indian criminal law and provides immunity from criminal liability. However, the burden of proving that you acted in self-defence rests on you. If a complaint is filed against you, you may be arrested (depending on the circumstances) and would need to establish that your actions were justified.
Self-defence is subject to several conditions. There must be an imminent threat, and the force used must be proportionate to the danger faced. For example, you cannot stab someone for merely slapping you and claim self-defence. Additionally, the right to self-defence can only be exercised when the threat is ongoing and unavoidable. If there was a reasonable opportunity to seek protection from authorities, self-defence may not be a valid defence.
In extreme situations, self-defence can extend to the extent of causing death, but only when the attack poses a serious and immediate danger to life or causes a reasonable fear of grievous harm. This includes situations where a person is facing a fatal assault, a threat of severe bodily injury, or an attack involving serious crimes such as rape or sexual assault, kidnapping, or unlawful confinement where there is threat of death.
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LSelf defence is ok as long as it’s proportional to what the other person did.
Eg. If someone is teasing, verbally abusing or slaps you, you cannot stab him to death and call self defence.If the other person is armed with intent to kill then you can retaliate with the same intent or if a robber enters your house with a knife, then you can kill him and call self defence. So the key is the reaction must be proportional to the action.
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